
Presentation: ‘Sand as a Resource’ by Jan Fordeyn (Jan De Nul) − Director Project Development & Conceptual Design
In our day to day lives most of us are not aware of how many industries rely on sand as a part of their working process. The amount of sand consumed has dramatically increased over the last few years and this can be largely contributed to the world wide construction boom. How is this going to affect us in the future?

Modelling the waterjet cable trenching process on sand dunes
Cables for offshore wind farms in the North Sea are buried for protection. A highly variable seabed topography influences the trenching process in sandy soils. A model has been developed to estimate the influence of sand dunes on the trenching process.

Numerical investigation of the head and unsteady flow characteristics of a dredge pump loading high-concentration sands
The head of a dredge pump is an important performance parameter and a strongly fluctuating head may affect the operating stability of the pump unit. The IADC Young Author’s Award paper analyses unsteady characteristics of pump performance to improve control of the dredge pump.

Carbonate sand fill
The properties of carbonate sand are different than more commonly used quartz sands and its behaviour must be considered when using it for fill.

Important Engineering Properties of Geotextile Sand Containers
No proper design guidelines based on sound science are available for the design of GSC structures. This IADC Young Author Award paper describes on-going research which aims to remedy this.

Hydraulic Transport of Sand/Shell Mixtures in Relation with the Critical Velocity
When pumping shells through a pipeline, a much higher velocity is required to make them erode and go back into suspension, because although the settling velocity of shells is much lower than equivalent sand particles, the erosion velocity is much higher.

Reclamation on Soft Subsoil by Spraying Thin Layers of Sand: The “IJburg” Project near Amsterdam
The question is: How do you create a stable platform when reclaiming sand on a very soft subsoil? Removing the subsoil or placing large amounts of geo-textiles are costly. The answer is: A new method using a custom-built spray pontoon which has proven efficient and economically viable.

Assessment of Offshore Sand and Gravel for Dredging
Offshore sand and gravel at depths of -60 metres form an important economic resource. Accurate assessment of these offshore deposits are important to prevent environmental problems, conflicts and delays.