How navigable are fluid mud layers?

Safe navigation through ports and waterways is determined by the space available under a ship's keel, but a seabed of fluid mud can get in the way.

15 Years Experience with Fluid Mud: Definition of the Nautical Bottom with Rheological Parameters

In the contract of 1954 between the German Federal Waterways Administration and the newly formed Water and Land Federation Emden-Riepe, the Federation relinquished agricultural land within the Emden-Riepe Lowland to the Association of Port Operators to accommodate sediment from the Port of Emd.

Suspended Sediment Circulation in Semi-enclosed Docks, Puerto Galván, Argentina.

Studies reveal some interesting and surprising features about circulation and the fluid mud layer in an important harbour area.

Isoviscs as Useful Parameters for Describing Sedimentation

A newly developed procedure to determine the nautical horizon in a typical Fluid-Mud Region is compared with more conventional procedures.