To build the 16 km long bridge-tunnel link from Denmark to Sweden requires the dredging of extremely hard layers of limestone, often in extreme weather conditions, with strictly controlled spillage limitations.

The second guide in the IADC/CEDA series on a broad range of environmental dredging issues describes the legislation on the disposal of dredged material at sea and on land.

International conventions regulate the disposal of dredged material in the sea, but national and regional approaches and interpretations vary widely. An analysis.

The winner of the 1996 IADC Award, this paper describes one of the recent dredging techniques tested on the Ketelmeer and now being used in the Port of Nieuwpoort, Belgium.

More techniques for dredging thin layers in contaminated waters have been tested on the Ketelmeer in 1996. A summary.

Special pits dredged beneath the seabed and then capped with clean sand and mud are proving a solution to dredging contaminated waters in Hong Kong.

Unable to excavate a conventional open trench because of dumping limitations, a new technique was developed to install the pipeline through “diluted” soil.

Offshore sand and gravel at depths of -60 metres form an important economic resource. Accurate assessment of these offshore deposits are important to prevent environmental problems, conflicts and delays.

The environmental impact of turbidity depends upon the dredging technique used; the ease with which the sea bed material becomes resuspended; and the condition of the surface water. An on-site analysis is advisable.

The process that takes place in the sedimentation tanks of water treatment plants is similar to the hopper loading process and can provide a theoretical model for trailing suction hopper dredgers.

High-tech dredging companies are thinking as much about investing in “human capital” as they do in materials and equipment.

To create new land new techniques have been developed for the placement of sand in thin layers. They have proven both incredibly accurate and economical.

Computer simulations are becoming a significant, controllable and safe way of getting theoretical knowledge out of the “labs” and onto the dredge sites.

At the WODCON XIV, ten panelists from various educational institutions and the dredging industry discussed the need for improved training opportunities.

Two main classes of pollutants, heavy metals and organic micropollutants, are evaluated to determine the extent of environmental risks when dredging and how these can be controlled.

Alternative sources of bulk filling for the runway were considered, but dredging sand in Botany Bay was the most cost-efficient and environmentally sound.

Prediction of the aggregation process and an accurate estimate of the critical velocity in a pipeline may lead to more effective control of the diesel engines and other types of drives.

Research has proven that most material dredged from Scotland's Firth of Clyde is clean. By dumping it at sea, port authorities are missing the opportunity to use this clean dredged material for beach nourishment and coastal erosion prevention.

The Dutch pride themselves on their dredging history and technology, but archeologists have proven that the Romans dredged the Lowlands first.

Private dredging companies and government have joined forces to develop environmentally sound techniques for dredging thin layers in the highly contaminated Lake Ketelmeer, The Netherlands.

A look at the joys of working for a high-tech private dredging company versus the difficulties of an underfunded state-run organisation.

To satisfy EC bathing water quality directives, a new, longer outfall was needed. Dredgers had to reckon with the recreational importance of Spain’s beaches, plus the existence of an operative gas pipeline.

By shifting from port-operated dredging to privatised contract dredging, three New Zealand ports have moved from world-ranked laggards to the top echelon of international ports in terms of profitability and performance.

Laboratory experiments demonstrate from a wear point of view the inefficiency of cutting tools on a cutter suction dredger. Recommendations are made to optimise the cutterhead design and cutting process.

A stagnated lake is rescued from an ecological disaster by a system of underwater and circumference canals which keep the waters circulating.